BAR LAWYER: Distinctive Legal Challenges of Bar Owners

Providing knowledgeable & experienced legal services to Calgary-based bar & pub owners, partners, investors, financiers, suppliers and landlords with their distinctive legal challenges.

Contact Neufeld Legal PC for restaurant/bar legal matters at 403-400-4092 / 905-616-8864 or Chris@NeufeldLegal.com

Bar owners recognize that their business is different from almost every other business, such that their legal requirements not only involve commercial legal requirements (that need to be properly attuned to the unique business characteristics of a bar, which are not insignificant), but also certain legal challenges (and unwanted perception) that are unique to bars, pubs, nightclubs and similar establishments. And for a lawyer to effectively deal with those bar-specific legal challenges, they need to have a proper appreciation as to these distinguishing features and major challenges that uniquely impact bars, pubs, nightclubs and similar establishments.

A. Corporate Governance and Shareholder Agreements

Aligning Corporate Structure with Licensing Requirements: Provincial liquor licensing bodies (like the AGCO in Ontario or the AGLC in Alberta) have strict rules regarding who can hold a license. The corporate structure must be carefully set up so that the legal entity and its principals (directors, officers, and shareholders) meet all "fit and proper" person requirements. Any change in ownership or significant control (even a minor share transfer) often requires pre-approval from the liquor authority, which adds a complex regulatory layer to standard corporate transactions like share issuances or redemptions.
Shareholder/Partner Disputes: Bars are often high-stress, high-cash-flow, multi-partner ventures. Without a robust Unanimous Shareholder Agreement, disputes can quickly escalate. A deadlock or dispute can jeopardize the bar's liquor license status, as authorities require a stable management structure. As such, the Unanimous Shareholders Agreement must include clear, enforceable "buy/sell" or "shotgun" clauses that specifically account for the regulatory requirement to maintain a compliant ownership structure.

B. High Liability Exposure (Dram Shop and Premises Liability)

Dram Shop Liability: Navigating the distinct laws that hold bars and their staff (commercial hosts) legally responsible for injuries or damages caused by visibly intoxicated patrons, or by serving alcohol to minors is absolutely essential, as this can lead to costly lawsuits from injured third parties (e.g., victims of drunk driving accidents). This needs to be proactively addressed with knowledgeable legal counsel, advising the bar owner on comprehensive policies, staff training (e.g., recognizing intoxication), and documentation to mitigate this specific risk, and then vigorously defending them in litigation where the facts can often be murky (i.e., proving visible intoxication).
Premises Liability: Bars, pubs and nightclubs have an elevated risk for injuries due to a combination of dim lighting, high foot traffic, spilled drinks, and intoxicated patrons. Given the risks associated with slips, trips, falls, and injuries resulting from fights or assaults, legal counsel should be work with ownership to ensure adequate security, maintenance, and safety protocols to protect patrons and then defending negligence claims based on the concept of "foreseeability" of harm.

C. Intense Regulatory and Licensing Hurdles

Liquor Licensing: Obtaining, maintaining, and defending the bar's liquor license is often the most vital aspect of the business. Licensing involves strict regulations from local, provincial, and sometimes federal agencies (e.g., AGLC in Alberta). Violations can lead to severe penalties, including fines, suspensions, or permanent revocation of the license.
Zoning and Bylaws: Bar operations often have unique requirements related to noise, capacity limits, parking, and proximity to schools or residences.

D. Employment and Labor Issues in a High-Turnover Industry

Wage and Hour Compliance: Bar staff, especially servers and bartenders, are subject to employment standards legislation that is more complex than what most employers appreciate, with reliance on basic employment arrangements and standardized payroll software being inadequate protections as against the the highly particular demands of provincial employment standards legislation (i.e., Alberta Employment Standards Code), which far too few people understand.
Harassment and Security: Given the high-stress, late-night, and alcohol-fueled environment, the risk of discrimination, sexual harassment, or assault claims (both among staff and from patrons) is significant. Security personnel (bouncers) using excessive force is another common source of litigation. Proactively addressing this with legal counsel includes drafting rigorous employee handbooks, conducting preventative training, and responding to sudden and often public-facing disputes.

E. Commercial Leases and Operations

Commercial Leases: Negotiating a lease that anticipates the specific needs of a bar (e.g., complex HVAC, grease traps, late-night deliveries, noise stipulations) is crucial.
Vendor Contracts: Reviewing, negotiating and resolving disputes arising from contracts with liquor distributors, food suppliers, and equipment lessors.

F. Intellectual Property and Music Licensing

Public Performance Rights: Bars that play music (whether live, DJ, or recorded) must have appropriate licenses from Performance Rights Organizations like ASCAP, BMI, or SOCAN. Failure to do so can result in expensive copyright infringement lawsuits.

For knowledgeable and experienced legal representation in starting, operating and managing a bar, pub or nightclub, together with a raft of legal intricacies and dilemmas that may arise, given the distinctive legal challenges for bar owners, contact restaurant & bar lawyer Christopher Neufeld at 403-400-4092 or Chris@NeufeldLegal.com.

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